Stability of ternesite and the production at scale of ternesite-based clinkers
A method to synthesize high-purity ternesite is presented and the importance of reaction volume is highlighted; a brief description of the product morphology is also presented. Thermodynamic data for ternesite are derived and the limits of ternesite stability are then explored. An upper temperature stability limit of ≈ 1290 °C at 1 atm is determined; however, this temperature is dependent on the fugacity of the volatile components in the atmosphere. Thermodynamic predictions confirm that belite...
Phase Compatibility in the System CaO–SiO2–Al2O3–SO3–Fe2O3 and the Effect of Partial Pressure on the Phase Stability
The compatibility of phases within the CaO–SiO2–Al2O3–SO3–Fe2O3 system is revisited. The influence of the SO2 partial pressure on the formation of phases and the stability of phase assemblages is addressed by means of new experimental methods (performed under controlled atmospheres) and thermodynamic calculations. Existing data from the literature are compiled and compared with the results obtained from this work. The results obtained are linked to real clinker formulations, and practical implications are discussed.